James B. Duke Distinguished Professor Emeritus in Environmental Sciences at Duke University (Durham, North Carolina) and a member of the National Academy of Sciences. In 1992, he was awarded the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Fellowship for his work in tropical ecology. In 1996, he received the Daniel Giraud Elliot Award from the National Academy of Sciences for his research and his book Diversity and the Tropical Rainforest. From 1973 to 2011, he directed the Cocha Cashu Biological Station while conducting research on trophic cascades and plant-animal interactions.